According to the American Academy of Dermatology, acne is defined as, “plugged pores (blackheads and whiteheads), pimples, and even deep lumps (cysts and nodules) that occur on the face, neck, chest, back, shoulders, and upper arms.” Acne can affect individuals of any age, and is not caused by eating chocolate or fried foods.
Acne is not a life threatening condition, but can cause disfiguring of the skin and low self-esteem, in some cases. Early treatment of acne is recommended to avoid scarring of the skin. Acne treatments are aimed at the three common contributors of acne: clogged pores, bacteria, and hormone levels.
Here are three acne treatments that work, each targeting the different causes of acne.
Retin-A
Retin-A is a tretinoin that treats acne by unclogging pores and preventing excess dead skin. Skin with high cell turnover is less likely to become clogged resulting in acne. Retin-A is a prescription topical cream that is spread over the affected area one time a day, usually before bed. Retin-A treatment can cause skin to become red, dry, and flaky. Most patients find these side effects worth the acne improvement. It is important to remember to stay out of the sun while using Retin-A. Retin-A increases the skin’s sensitivity to sunlight, which may cause sunburning and skin damage.
Tetracycline
Tetracycline is an oral antibiotic used to treat the role of bacteria in acne. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria in the skin’s pores. Tetracycline is available by prescription and is taken daily. Doctors will often treat severe acne with oral antibiotics to prevent scarring. Tetracycline treatment is successful, but results are not immediate. It is important to remember to stick with the Doctor’s treatment plan. Tetracycline makes the skin more sensitive to sunlight. Ensure to wear sunscreen and wear protective clothing outdoors.
Oral Contraceptives (Women)
Low-dosed oral contraceptives are prescribed for the treatment of acne in women only. They work by softening the effect of testosterone on the body. High levels of testosterone increase oil production, which can cause acne. Popular oral contraceptive choices for acne treatment include: Estrostep, Yaz, and Ortho Tri Cyclen.
Acne treatments that work usually depend upon the severity of the acne. Mild acne may respond well to Retin-A alone, while severe acne may be successfully treated with a combination of Retin-A, Tetracycline, and oral contraceptives. Prompt treatment of acne is advised to prevent disfiguring of the skin, such as scarring, pitting, or other permanent skin markings.